How are the coils and magnetic fields of vacuum cleaner motors generated

The coil and magnetic field generation of the vacuum cleaner motor are key parts of its working principle. The conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy is achieved through the principle of electromagnetic induction.

Coil structure:

The coils in vacuum cleaner motors are usually made of conductive materials and mounted on fixed components to form a stator. The design of this stator coil may include multiple turns and layers to ensure that a strong enough magnetic field is generated when current passes through it. Usually, these coils use materials with good electrical conductivity, such as copper wire, to reduce resistance and improve the conversion efficiency of electrical energy.

Current supply:

When the vacuum cleaner is started and connected to a power source, electricity passes through the coil, forming a current loop. This current can be alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC), depending on the design of the vacuum cleaner. DC motors and AC motors differ in the connection of the coils and the direction of the current flow, but in both, the current in the coil induces the generation of a magnetic field.

Magnetic field generation:

According to Ampere's law, current flowing through a conducting coil will create a magnetic field around it. In vacuum cleaner motors, a magnetic field generated by an electric current in a coil is usually used. The strength and direction of this magnetic field are determined by the magnitude and direction of the current. This magnetic field is the basis for the rotational force in the vacuum cleaner motor.

The relationship between stator and rotor:

In a vacuum cleaner motor, the coil is fixed to the stator, and the rotor is located inside the stator. The rotor is usually connected to the vacuum cleaner's fan or impeller via a shaft. When current passes through the coil, due to the action of the magnetic field, electrodynamic force is generated between the stator and the rotor, causing the rotor to start rotating. This rotating motion is transferred to the fan or impeller, which creates a powerful airflow.